Background: Postpartum HEMORRHAGE is the leading cause of severe maternal morbidity and death. A prompt management of UTERINE artery embolization (UAE) is important for a good outcome. UAE is generally accepted to be a safe and reliable procedure.Objective: To estimate critical patient characteristics influencing the success of UAE for the treatment of emergent primary postpartum HEMORRHAGE.Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study that reviewed 121 patients who were diagnosed primary postpartum HEMORRHAGE between February 2002 and December 2009 at a tertiary treatment center among 4,022 deliveries. We evaluated patient clinical characteristics associated with a successful surgical outcome of UAE. Results: The success rate for UAE was 96%. For two cases, UAE complication was associated with fever (>38.5oC). Five patients had problems that required admission to the intensive care unit (ICU).Conclusion: To increase the surgical success rate and lower the number of ICU admissions, the decision to treat primary postpartum HEMORRHAGE using UAE should be based on individual patient clinical findings under the direction of obstetrics staff and an interventional radiologist.

Background & Objective: Postpartum HEMORRHAGE is the most common cause of maternal morbidity, especially in developing countries, and a major cause of direct maternal death worldwide. Considering the importance of timely postpartum HEMORRHAGE management and access to low-risk methods, assessing the efficacy of UTERINE artery embolization (UAE) is essential. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the success rate and outcomes of UAE in the treatment of delayed postpartum HEMORRHAGE.Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on women with delayed postpartum HEMORRHAGE who were referred to the gynecology and obstetrics clinic of a referral hospital in Urmia city under treatment of UAE. The census method was used for choosing the patients and all women with delayed postpartum HEMORRHAGE between April 2019 and March 2020 were entered into the study.Results: During the study period, he number of 22 women with delayed postpartum HEMORRHAGE were entered into the study. The mean age of the women was 29.36±5.09 years. The success rate of UAE was 95.6%. The number of 20 (90.9%) cases did not report complications. For one case, UAE complication was associated with amenorrhea and for the other one with vaginal bleeding.Conclusion: The results showed that the UAE method as an effective method with high efficacy and low complications can be considered a suitable choice for the treatment of delayed postpartum HEMORRHAGE.

Spontaneous migration of an intraUTERINE device into the bladder is very rare. Foreign bodies of the urinary bladder may occur by self-insertion or migration from neighbor organs. When ignored for a long time, foreign bodies act as a core for calculus formation. The patient usually present with dysuria and intermittent urinary tract infections.A 42-year-old woman is reported in whom an intraUTERINE device had been placed 7 years before this report, and complained of chronic pelvic pain, recurrent urinary tract infections and irritative urinany tract symptoms. After observation of stone in the bladder, the intraUTERINE device and the surrounded stone was removed by suprapubic cystolithotomy.

Background: Cervical cavernous hemangioma is an extremely rare, benign lesions, and only a few cases are reported. Cervical cavernous Hemangiomas are characterized by an increase in the number of normal and abnormal veins. The majority of these lesions are superficial, often found in the head and neck area, but may also occur in the inner parts of the body. The occurrence of these lesions in the female reproductive tract, especially the the cervix is extremely rare. This disease should be considered as a differential diagnosis of abnormal UTERINE bleeding because of the low prevalence and importance of the diagnosis of this uncommon disease. The majority of cervical cavernous hemangiomas have been reported in women of childbearing age. Besides, although most lesions are symptomatic (mostly bleeding), diagnosis is often unlikely. They may cause abnormal vaginal bleeding in the form of menometrorrhagia and postcoital spotting. To date, fewer than 55 cases have been reported. This study aimed to report a rare case of cervical cavernous hemangioma. Case Report: The patient was a 24-year-old woman who had referred to the outpatient clinic of Ghaem Hospital in September 2016 due to prolonged post coital bleeding after intercourse. At the time of the pelvic examination, posterior lip of cervix was very vascular and there was black color that had extend to the vagina. The patient underwent colposcopy. Following colposcopy, due to severe cervical bleeding, the vagina packed. The patientchr('39')s bleeding was controlled with the pack after 24 hours. Cervical pathology revealed a cavernous hemangioma. Conclusion: Cervical cavernous hemangioma is extremely rare. This should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with abnormal vaginal bleeding, especially those of childbearing age, and no clinical or radiologic findings such as leiomyoma, adenomyosis, or dysfunctional UTERINE bleeding. Pelvic examination is the first step in the management of the patient with vaginal bleeding. Increased awareness of this unusual cervical lesion can lead to early diagnosis and conservative treatment approaches. In most cases, hysterectomy is performed, but the patient with mild symptoms can be treated with conservative management. Increased awareness of this unusual cervical lesion can lead to early diagnosis and conservative treatment approaches.

The Purpose of this study was determination of prevalence of various findings in pathologic reports of D&C that were done for abnormal UTERINE bleeding (AUB) in pre/peri/postmenopausal women.Study population in this descriptive cross-sectional study was all of D&C operations that were done for AUB indication in Alzahra hospital from April 1997 until April 1998. Their pathologic reports were collected from various pathobiologic laboratories of Rasht. We determined the frequency of different histologic diagnosis in 15-40, 41-50, and after 50 years old women.502 pathologic reports were used in this study. The most common diagnosis was "normal" (54.6%). The most common diagnosises in pre and peri menopausal women were "normal" (55.1% and 61.5%) and "pregnancy contents" (37.7% and 20.7%). Histologic findings after age 50 were "hyperplasia" (48%), "polyp" (20%), "cancer" (16%), and "endometritis" (16%). Although AUB in postmenopusal women is associated with endometrial histologic abnormality but AUB in premenopausal women is not usually with this finding.

Background: Reduction in amount of bleeding during cesarean delivery has a considerable impact on maternal health.Objective: To determine whether the method used to expand the UTERINE incision for caesarean delivery affects the incidence of intra-operative HEMORRHAGE.Methods: This was a clinical, single blind trial, carried out at Kosar Hospital, Qazvin (Iran) during 2003-2004. The study population consisted of 1000 women who were randomly subjected to cesarean delivery with sharp or blunt expansion method. Demographic information, pre- and 48 hr post-operative hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were recorded. The data were further analyzed using SPSS software, chi-square pair, and t-test.Findings: Compared with the blunt group, change in mean hematocrit (4.18±2.8 versus 3.36±2.7 or 10.9% versus 8.92%, p<0.001), incidence of postpartum HEMORRHAGE (57.6% versus 42%, p<0.005) were significantly greater in the sharp group.Conclusion: In cesarean delivery, sharply expanding of UTERINE incision significantly increases intraoperative blood loss.

Introduction One of the most common causes of maternal death worldwide is postpartum HEMORRHAGE (PPH). So far, no study has been performed in Iran to compare the effects of polyvinyl alcohol and foam gel embolizers on menstrual pattern after UTERINE artery embolization. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to evaluate the efficacy and complications of UTERINE artery embolization (UAE) in patients with late PPH. Methods This quasi-experimental study was performed on 70 patients with late postpartum HEMORRHAGE referred to the Isfahan Educational and Medical Centers, Al-Zahra and Khorshid hospitals in 2019-2020. In this study, 30 patients with foam gel embolizer and 40 patients with polyvinyl alcohol embolizer underwent UTERINE artery embolization. Patients were followed for 6 months,menstrual pattern and complications of UAE were compared in the two groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software (version 22) and Independent t-test, Chi-square and Fisher's exact test. P<0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results In this study, the clinical success rate was 91. 4% and the technical success rate was 100%. The pattern of normal menstruation in the two groups after first three months was 61. 7% and after the second three months was 91. 4%. There was no significant difference between the two groups after six months of follow-up (p =0. 18). The overall complication rate was 13. 3%, of which 10. 8% was post-embolization syndrome and 2. 5% was local ischemia of the external genitalia. Conclusion UAE is an effective and safe method for treatment of women with late PPH.

Aims One of the most common diseases of the uterus is myoma (leiomyoma or fibroma). Fibromas can grow in different parts of the uterus with different sizes. Fibroids are benign and only 20-25% of the cases are symptomatic and their treatment can include follow-up, patient monitoring, drug treatment, or surgery. In this study, a patient with the pedunculated submucosal myoma with a preservation of virginity was reported. Patient & Methods This study is a case report that was done in 2017. A 35-year-old single woman with severe vaginal bleeding and vaginal mass was referred to the Sarem women’ s hospital. Due to the virginity of the patient and the religious beliefs about virginity, it was decided to go laparotomy to myoma exit, since the vaginal exit of the mass resulted in damage to hymen. Conclusion For the treatment of submocusal myoma with preservation of hymen can be used to an abdominal surgery and laparotomy.

Postpartum HEMORRHAGE (PPH) is among the most significant causes of maternal death worldwide. The time of diagnosing and the proper management of HEMORRHAGE are essential in preventing maternal mortality. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of Bakri balloon on the management of PPH. Bakri balloon was effective in controlling PPH of 92. 3% of patients. The most frequent indications for using Bakri balloon was UTERINE atony (46. 1%). Furthermore, Bakri balloon is among the simplest and low invasive methods that can be used to control PPH before invasion methods, like hysterectomy.